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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first treatment of choice for ADHD. They have a history of a robust response, a high tolerance and safety across the lifespan. It is crucial to find a medication and dosage that can ease your child's or your own symptoms without causing any side consequences. It usually takes lots of trial and error, as well as regular dialog with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase activity in the central nervous system. Students and artists, athletes, workers and others take these drugs to improve their cognitive and performance. They are also used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They also treat binge eating disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Amphetamines, methylphenidates, and other stimulant drugs are the most commonly used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants come in both immediate-release and prolonged-release formulations. Immediate-release medication is usually taken every 4 hours. They can trigger a sudden, short-term decrease in energy known as a crash when they have worn off. The crash can cause severe cravings, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase blood pressure and heartbeat in certain people. This is especially the case when they don't take enough food. Extended-release medications are designed to release active ingredients over 8-16 hours. Your doctor might suggest this type of medication if you are looking for long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take a pill several times a day. Methylphenidate products that fall into the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch, known as Daytrana, which sticks to the skin as a band-aid and lasts all day. This kind of medication is typically prescribed to adults with ADHD who need daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options. The use of stimulants does not cure ADHD but it can assist manage the symptoms by enhancing how neurons in the brain communicate. They accomplish this by altering the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, like dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This permits the release of more neurotransmitters, which improves the transmission and reception of messages between neurons. In addition to stimulants, doctors may prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. Most antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD are based on the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are an excellent option for people with depression or anxiety. These medications are usually combined with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Another reason your doctor might switch between non-stimulant and stimulant medications is if your current medication isn't working or it has undesirable side effects. Long-acting About 70 to 80percent of children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They help reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They also enhance job performance and social skills. Stimulant medications start working when they pass through the blood-brain barrier which can take anywhere between 45 and 60 minutes. They boost dopamine and norepinephrine levels between brain cells, which decreases hyperactivity and impulsivity. FDA-approved stimulant medications use two molecules: methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). These stimulants can cause adverse effects such as stomach upset and loss of appetite, increased blood pressure and heart rate headaches, as well as nervousness or anxiety. They can also make tics more severe and trigger sleep problems in some people. Long-acting stimulants, such as Strattera or Wellbutrin, work both at night and day. Short-acting medicines only last for a short period of time. They can also help with other conditions such as depression or anxiety. These medicines work by altering the ways your body regulates chemicals called monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases are enzymes which break down dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. These chemicals remain in the body for longer if not broken down. This could affect your behavior and thinking. Long-acting medicines can cause lesser negative effects. Your doctor will prescribe smaller doses of the drugs that you take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release formulations that you take once a day. This is a good option for some adults, however it's important to remember that you take them each day. Other medications have been shown to be effective for a lot of people suffering from ADHD such as selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are usually prescribed for depression or anxiety but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. Around 70% of people react to these medications. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is another SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been demonstrated to be more effective than placebos in one controlled study. These drugs can cause serious side effects, like the ringing of ears anxiety, changes in heart, vision and lung function. Short-acting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These two chemicals help people manage their behavior and improve their focus. These drugs come in many different forms and each has its own brand name, such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two major kinds of stimulant drugs that are methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and the amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). They all have similar effects, however their duration of action differs. The methylphenidates have a shorter-lasting effect lasting up to three hours. Amphetamines on the other on the other hand, have a longer-lasting impact. Some people tolerate stimulant medications better than others, and your doctor might prescribe them. It is important that you learn as much as possible about the medication. This includes any adverse effects, how often it is recommended to take it, and any warnings. This will make it easier to work with your doctor in figuring out the right dosage and medication for you. It is important to know that these medications can have some negative adverse effects, like problems sleeping or a loss of appetite. If you experience these issues you should talk to your doctor about adjusting the dosage or trying different medications. Adults suffering from ADHD who don't respond to stimulants well can be treated with nonstimulant medication. These medicines take longer to effect but can improve the ability to pay attention and to manage impulses. These medications can be prescribed either alone or in combination. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree is the very first. It is a stimulant of dopamine and norepinephrine within the prefrontal cortex which controls behavior. Another is the guanfacine (brand name Intuniv), which belongs to a group of medications called alpha agonists. They block the reuptake of these brain chemicals and increasing their level in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was originally designed to treat high blood pressure, has been proved to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People with ADHD use a variety of drug combinations. buy adhd medication uk include stimulants combined with depressant drugs such as Guanfacine or Clonidine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain and can reduce symptoms such as sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They also aid in preventing withdrawal symptoms that can result from stimulants. This combination could be dangerous but only when it is not utilized properly. Combining two stimulants at the same time increases the risk of developing serotonin-related syndrome, a type of drug emergency that happens when the body is flooded with too excessive serotonin. This combination can also raise the heart rate and blood pressure. People suffering from heart disease or high blood pressure are at a greater risk of developing adverse effects from this drug. Combinations of stimulants are now being used by teens and young adults. These substances are often described as “legal highs” and are available at pharmacies. They are also available on the black market. These substances are dangerous particularly when they are combined with alcohol or other drugs. This is known as polydrug use and is extremely risky. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable consequences. They include an increase in heart rate, decreased respiration, paranoia and hallucinations. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy when it comes to treating ADHD, according to a study. Combining medications improved adherence, and allowed patients to achieve more relief from symptoms than monotherapy. Some patients, however stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In a few instances, the medication was discontinued due to sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be the result of a poor diagnosis, or a lack of access to medications. Nonstimulants are also used to treat ADHD. These drugs help improve the quality of attention and impulse control however they are not as effective as stimulants. They are less likely to inhibit appetite and growth. Certain antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD, but they are less likely of enhancing concentration and focus. Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield better results than either drug alone. The combination of the two drugs was shown to improve adherence and reduce the risk of adverse reactions in a majority of people. The combination was also effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination may be a viable treatment for children suffering from severe ADHD.